40 Hadith of Nawawi: Explaination of 2nd Hadith by teacher Reda

In the name of Allah

Assalamu aleikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu

 

Here is the explaination of 2nd hadith from the book "40 Hadith of Nawawi" taught by teacher Reda every Tuesaday 10:00pm Egypt time.

Hadith Two

'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated, "One day we were sitting in the company of the Messenger of Allah {peace be upon him) when there appeared before us a man dressed in pure white clothes, and his hair was unusually black. There were no signs of (the fatigue of) travel on him and none among us recognized him. At fast he sat with the Prophet (peace be upon him), leaning his knees against his {the Prophet's} knees and placing his hands on his thighs, and said, O Muhammad! Tell me about Islam? The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 'Islam means to testify that there Is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish prayer, pay Zakah (obligatory charity), observe the fast of Ramadan, and perform pilgrimage) if you can afford the expenses (for your conveyance, provision, and residence), He (the inquirer) said, 'You have told the truth". He {'Umar bin Al-Khattab) said, ‘It amazed us that he would put the question and then he would himself verify the truth. He {the inquirer} said, 'Tell me about Al-Iman (the. faith}?' He (the Prophet) replied, 'It is to affirm your faith in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and in the Divine Decree of good and evil, He (the inquirer) said, 'You have told the truth, He (the inquirer) again said, 'Tell me about Al-Ihsan (perfection of faith), He (the Prophet) said, 'That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him. Verily, if you cannot see Him, He sees you.' He (the enquirer) again said, 'Tell me about the

Hour (time of Resurrection), He (the Prophet) said, 'The one who is being asked about it knows no more than the one who is inquiring.' He (the Inquirer) said, 'Then, tell me some of its portents.' He {the Prophet) said, The slave girl will give birth to her mistress and master, and you will find barefoot, destitute goatherds vying with one another in the construction of magnificent buildings,'" He (the narrator 'Umar bin Al-Khattab) said, 'Then he (the inquirer) went on his way, but I stayed with him (the Prophet) for a long while. He then said to me, 'Umar, do you know who the inquirer was?' I replied, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He (the Prophet) said, 'He was (Gabriel, peace be upon him). He came to you to teach you your religion" (Recorded by Muslim).

Occasion of the Hadith:

The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) were very anxious to know their religion, and that prompted them sometimes to be insistent in their questioning of the Messenger (peace be upon him} until this saying of the Exalted was revealed, which means, "O you who believe! When you (want to) consult the Messenger {Muhammad) in private, spend something in charity before your private consultation.' (Al-Mujadilah, 5& 12)

This verse was revealed as a divine discipline for them, and for the purpose of drawing their attention to seek the most suitable times to visit and ask the Prophet (peace he upon him) questions. After that they began to avoid questioning him. Then, Gabriel came down to educate and teach them the rulings of their religion, as well as to show them the correct way to ask questions. There were also some people who aspired to know about the Hour and its exact time, so Gabriel came to dispel any such hopes.

Lessons Deduced

Creedal Lesson:

1. The fact that the Exalted and Ever-Majestic predestined all matters before the creation of the heavens and the earth stands as a clear challenge to the oppressors, atheists, and polytheists who claim that they are powerful enough to do anything and that they can control death, happiness, and misery. Allah did not given anyone the chance to say, "I planned this matter with Allah' or "I did such and such with Him,-"

2- A sincere believer who possesses a strong belief in predestination with its good, its evil, its sweetness, and its bitterness is one who truly trusts and depends on Allah, so he will never be indignant, hit his cheeks, or tear his garments (or do any such deeds that show indignation) when he is afflicted with a calamity by Allah. He would not do as some ignorant ones do and complain to Allah, saying, for instance, "O my Lord! What have I done to deserve such and such a calamity? What have I done for such and such an affliction to befall me! I ask Allah, the Most-Glorified to forgive us.

3- We find in this hadith what can he understood as a challenge to those who claim knowledge of the unseen and of everything, such as some imposters, soothsayers, and magicians do. Here are the destinies, here is the Hour, and can anyone reveal anything about its truth or its time?

Behavioral Lessons:

Faith is not about wearing rough clothes, exhausting oneself with devotions, or adhering to special types of food as some people do. It was said that A I-Hasan pulled at Farqad and holding onto his robe he said to him, "O Farqad! Piety is not wearing this garment, but rather holding the intention in the heart and the application of it in one's actions.

Whoever cleanses his heart, purifies his soul and becomes distinguished by the of his spirit will be more sincere in worship, more submissive, and more obedient The matter is not as some misleading parties claim, and whose ideas are being promoted nowadays by the atheists. Such people interpret the speech of Allah, the Exalted and Ever-Majestic, according to what satisfies their inclinations, aims, and fancies, so they interpret the following verse, which means, "And worship your Lord until there comes unto you the certainty (death), (Al-Hijr, IS: 99) and claim that the word 'certainty' here does not refer to death, but to a loftier degree of faith. According to this negation, a believer is ordered to worship Allah until he reaches this degree, and then he becomes free from all burdens and duties.

Social Lessons:

That the slave girl will give birth to her mistress and master. This sentence clearly shows deterioration in social standards and indicates a

dangerous move that will happen in the future of the so-called Islamic societies. It shows that the lowly people will lead and the most despicable people will be powerful, without any deterrents, prevention, or restraint (here will be no place for callers, scholars, pious men, or those with experience and wisdom. This is a change from which the Islamic nation is suffering nowadays.

Some Islamic nations marginalize the role of the most pious among their citizens, send them to prison, banish them, torture them, or put them under house arrest; while the same time, the lowliest of their people are enjoying their oil and stealing their wealth,

Hudhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah {peace he upon him) said, "The Hour will not be established until the happiest one of the people in the life is the basest fool who is the son of the basest fool.

 

Political Lessons:

“Destitute goatherds vying with one another..." It is neither normal, nor logical that unqualified people should be given power over any matter connected to this nation. It is as if the Messenger (peace be upon him) was giving advice to the whole world, and specifically to the Islamic nations. If any society is good and wants to sustain this goodness, rise to the highest levels of civilization and values, live a life of dignity and honor where it pleases its Lord, it should give the leadership to a divinely guided leader!

According to this criterion, any country, group, or foundation that wants the same thing should nominate the most qualified person for the job according to his intelligence and wisdom after consideration of his faith and morals, his adherence to the course of the Qur'an, and whether or not he will be suitable for the position, If this is not done, the Hour, destruction, and failure should be expected. The Messenger of Allah {peace be upon him) said, “When power or authority comes into the hands of unfit people, then wait for the Hour ( Resurrection).

2. In addition, when authority comes into the hands of the barefooted and destitute ones through their money, this is either done by force or deception, because none among the wise would accept such evil. This was a statement given by the Prophet (peace be upon him) concerning our present times, where we find many military coups and fabricated elections whose results are never less than 99-99%. This is a clear example of such deception.

Economic Lessons:

"And you will find barefooted, destitute. The system of free enterprise has caused the gap to increase between the majority of people in western nations and those who possess the capital. It also granted the individual rights that the society had deprived him of. Thus, an individual in a capitalist society is given complete respect and he is valued according to the amount of his wealth. There is no other way for him to keep his position except through wealth. This has made him seek usury,

embezzlement, extortion of others property, and cheating in performing his duties. As for the communist economic system, it only remained firm for a short period of time, after committing the same mistake that others had before it. The respect here was moved from the individual to the society, and this caused the rich to grow richer and richer at the expense of the other classes.

Consequently, the concepts of integration and solidarity were no longer applied, and this led the nouveau riche to transgress all limits.

Psychological lessons:

Believing in divine decree is a major source of psychological relief that instills tranquility and peace of mind into the spirit of the one who is really a believer, so if he undertakes any endeavor, belief in predestination is his motive, and if he cannot realize what he wants, he will attribute this to fate and destiny, but without dependence. Thus, he will never be desperate, hopeless, or worried.

Intellectual Lesions:

"And you will find barefooted, destitute goatherds vying with one another in the construction of magnificent buildings." This particular sentence indicates the level of intellectual deterioration of those leaders and rulers. Instead of thinking about suitable means to develop the Islamic nation and being preoccupied with discovering the causes for its ailments and determining suitable cures, we find these rulers, who resemble shepherds, competing in the ownership of castles and fancy

houses in western countries. Some even buy recreation centers and floating bars thinking that their money will serve them more than the possession of intellect and civilization, as their money will be able to buy them ready-made equipment and provided them with the products of the modern industrial civilization.

By doing this, they have committed a compound crime against this nation, as they have chained minds, abandoned the fields, wasted power, and have made our future liable to the expertise and actions of the West. They have devoted themselves completely to satisfying their desires.

Educational Lessons:

a- Educationalists stress the fact that the communicative method of learning is far" more effective than the old method of dictation. This hadith is in the form of questions from Jibril (Gabriel, peace be upon him) and answers from the teacher of humanity (peace be upon him). From it we deduce the importance of this method and the precedence of the messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) over pedagogy and psychology by several centuries.

b- Wondering about the exact time of the Hour, which is one of the matters of the unseen, is considered to be a waste of time that exhausts the mind uselessly. That is why the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to direct the attention of those who questioned him about the Hour to that which was more important. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated, "A man asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) about the Hour (the Day of Resurrection) saying, 'When will the hour be?' The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 'What have you prepared for it?' The man said, 'Nothing, except that i love Allah and His Messenger.' The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 'You will be with those whom you love,"

Hadith in Practice

 

1- The highest rank of faith is called Al-Ihsan (perfection of faith), but there are some contemporary people who claim it is something else. They believe in incarnation, which means that Allah becomes a human form inside their garments, souls, and bodies, One of them may say, "There is nothing in my clothing except Allah, I am Allah.* Such people also claim that their souls have approached the Divine Self and united with Him to form one entity-Incarnation is originally an atheistic idea that infiltrated the Christian belief, by which a Christian may believe in the incarnation of Allah in the body of Christ Similar to this is the incarnation of Christ in the communion (the bread) that they offer. This concept has reached us through the extremist Sufi sects who are ignorant of the reality of the Islamic creed.

2- Although there are many verses that declare that Allah is the Only One Who knows the appointed time of the Day of Resurrection, the question of the angel to the Messenger of

Allah (peace be upon him) was posed to put an end to the hopes of those who wanted to know about it, and also to turn their attention away from discussing useless matters. In spite of all that, nowadays we find some people who tell lies about the age of the universe and deduce false calculations and hollow theories. Allah says, which means, "Cursed be the liars, who are under a cover of heedlessness (think not about the gravity of the Hereafter), They ask, 'When will be the Day of Recompense?* (Adh-Dhariyt, 51: 10-12)

3- According to what is natural, lowly people should never be the leaders, control the destinies of nations in any way, or be in charge of their treasuries, except in the Case of the absence of those who are meritorious, just, righteous, and pious. However, .this is already happening nowadays, where we see the scholars and callers in one of these three positions:

a- One group is found in castles. They prefer to follow the rulers more than the Qur'an and to please the rulers at the expense of Islam. So they give false evidence that Islam is a capitalist doctrine in front of the capitalists, and that it is a communist one in front of the communists. They also allow usurers to practice usury, permit tyrants to shed the blood of innocent people and violate their sanctity, and so on. One would not be surprised if such people claim that Islam is a Christian or

Judaic religion. This type of person is more dangerous to Islam than the rulers?

b- A second group lock themselves in their houses praying, reciting the Qur'an, and praying against oppression and the oppressors,

c- A third group is found in the prisons. Such places have become the normal places for the sincere callers who declare courageously, "No to the rabble, no to the despicable and no to the cunning," whose slogan is always, 'The best Jihad (fighting for the Cause of Allah) is (to speak) a word of justice to an oppressive ruler.